Version: 8.0.0
Date: Tue Jan 28 2025
IL4
Homo sapiensHGNC:6014
SummaryOrthologyParalogyFunction - GO AnnotationsPathwaysPhenotypesDisease AssociationsAlleles and VariantsTransgenic AllelesModelsSequence Feature ViewerSequence DetailsExpressionMolecular InteractionsGenetic Interactions
Gene

IL4

Species
Homo sapiens
Symbol
IL4
Name
interleukin 4
Synonyms
  • B cell growth factor 1
  • B_cell stimulatory factor 1
Biotype
protein coding gene
Automated Description
Enables cytokine activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus; and regulation of gene expression. Acts upstream of or within positive regulation of cell migration and positive regulation of cell population proliferation. Is active in extracellular space. Implicated in several diseases, including asthma (multiple); autoimmune disease (multiple); hepatitis B; hepatitis C; and pancreatic cancer (multiple). Biomarker of several diseases, including allergic rhinitis; alopecia universalis; anogenital venereal wart; autoimmune disease (multiple); and liver disease (multiple).
RGD Description
The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells. This cytokine is a ligand for interleukin 4 receptor. The interleukin 4 receptor also binds to IL13, which may contribute to many overlapping functions of this cytokine and IL13. STAT6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, has been shown to play a central role in mediating the immune regulatory signal of this cytokine. This gene, IL3, IL5, IL13, and CSF2 form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 5q, with this gene particularly close to IL13. This gene, IL13 and IL5 are found to be regulated coordinately by several long-range regulatory elements in an over 120 kilobase range on the chromosome. IL4 is considered an important cytokine for tissue repair, counterbalancing the effects of proinflammatory type 1 cytokines, however, it also promotes allergic airway inflammation. Moreover, IL-4, a type 2 cytokine, mediates and regulates a variety of human host responses such as allergic, anti-parasitic, wound healing, and acute inflammation. This cytokine has been reported to promote resolution of neutrophil-mediated acute lung injury. In an allergic response, IL-4 has an essential role in the production of allergen-specific immunoglobin (Ig) E. This pro-inflammatory cytokine has been observed to be increased in COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) patients, but is not necessarily associated with severe COVID-19 pathology. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Cross References
Additional Information
Literature

Orthology

Gene tree
PANTHER:PTHR47401
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Paralogy

Function - GO Annotations

Pathways

No data available

Phenotypes

Primary Sources
None
Other Sources
Phenotype Term
Annotation details
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    Disease Associations

    Cases where the expected disease association was NOT found
    Cell color indicative of annotation volume
    No data available

    Alleles and Variants

    Allele/Variant Symbol
    Allele Synonyms
    Category
    Variant
    Variant type
    Molecular consequence
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      Transgenic Alleles

      Species
      (carrying the transgene)
      Allele symbol
      Transgenic construct
      Expressed components
      Knock-down targets
      Regulatory regions
      Has Disease Annotations
      Has Phenotype Annotations
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        Models

        Model name
        Experimental condition
        Associated Human Diseases
        Associated Phenotypes
        Modifier
        Source
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          Sequence Feature Viewer

          Genome location
          Assembly version
          GRCh38
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          Data currently unavailable; sequence viewer under construction

          Sequence Details

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          Expression

          Primary Sources
          None
          Other Sources
          Cell color indicative of annotation volume; red slash indicates species lacks structure or developmental stage.

          Molecular Interactions

          IL4 molecule type
          Interactor gene
          Interactor species
          Interactor molecule type
          Detection methods
          Source
          Reference
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            Genetic Interactions

            IL4 role
            IL4 genetic perturbation
            Interactor gene
            Interactor species
            Interactor role
            Interactor genetic perturbation
            Interaction type
            Phenotype or trait
            Source
            Reference
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